Постоянно меняющаяся информация о генетической природе несовершенного остеогенеза (НО), новые подходы к классификации и диагностике, возрастающий интерес к данной патологии требует тщательного анализа и обобщения имеющихся данных в современной литературе. Цель. Анализ современной литературы по вопросам эпидемиологии, патогенеза, этиологии, классификации несовершенного остеогенеза.

Cerebral palsy presents stable encephalopathy that systemically influences on the child's and adult's organism. Orthopedic complications of cerebral palsy possess on the contrary progressive features and those complications cause gradual failure of motor ability of a person: impaired walking, loss of postural ability, reduced self-care and inclusion, finally quality of life becoming much worse.

Use of external fixation in orthopedics is mostly based on the principles of the Ilizarov method. However, the application of external frames in anatomically difficult zones like the elbow joint was often associated with mediocre outcomes and weak reproducibility results. Failure rates were due, not only to incorrect indications, but also to the misunderstanding of the basic principles of the method and to surgical technique errors.

This book is concerned with a trend of reconstructive surgical orthopedics using reparative potential of the organism. It presents a detailed description of combined surgical treatment methods of orthopedic pathologies in children as well as experimental substantiation.

Flexible Intramedullary Nailing (FIN) is a closed internal fixation method based on the principles of primary fracture healing of nonoperative treatment. Initial fracture hematoma and periosteum, which is largely preserved, are included as part of the well-known fracture—repair process. Our experimental study in rabbits conducted in 1985 confirmed that fracture healing with FIN is predominantly by periosteal callus, which forms outside of the fracture.

We compared the healing index between 2 groups of children undergone the lengthening of upper and lower limbs carried out with the Ilizarov external fixator alone (group I, 194 cases of lengthening) or with the combination of the Ilizarov external fixator and intramedullary nailing (group II, 92 cases). Two nails of the diameter from 1.5 to 2.0 mm with the ray of curvature about 40 degrees to 50 degrees were used for the intramedullary nailing.